Semester I
Agronomy of major cereals and pulses 2+1
Theory
Origin and history, area and production, classification, improved varieties, adaptability, climate, soil, water and cultural requirements, nutrition, quality components, handling and processing of the produce for maximum production of:
Unit I: Rabi cereals- Wheat, Barley, Oats
Unit II: Kharif cereals- Rice, Maize, Sorghum, Pearl millet, Finger millet
Unit III: Rabi pulses- Chickpea, Lentil, Lathyrus
Unit IV: Kharif pulses- Pigeon pea, Green gram, Black gram
Practical
Phenological studies at different growth stages of crop, Estimation of crop yield on the basis of yield attributes, Formulation of cropping schemes for various farm sizes and calculation of cropping and rotational intensities, Working out growth indices (CGR, RGR, NAR, LAI, LAD, LAR, LWR, SLA, SLW etc), Assessment of land use and yield advantage (Rotational intensity, Cropping intensity, Diversity Index, Sustainable Yield Index Crop Equivalent Yield, Land Equivalent ration, Aggressiveness, Relative Crowding Coefficient, Competition Ratio and ATER etc), Estimation of protein content in pulses, Planning and layout of field experiments, Judging of physiological maturity in different crops, Intercultural operations in different crops, Determination of cost of cultivation of different crops, Working out harvest index of various crops, Study of seed production techniques in selected crops, Visit of field experiments on cultural, fertilizer, weed control and water management aspects, Visit to nearby villages for identification of constraints in crop production.
Suggested Readings
- Das NR. 2007. Introduction to Crops of India. Scientific Publ.
- Hunsigi G and Krishna KR. 1998. Science of Field Crop Production. Oxford & IBH.
- Jeswani LM and Baldev B. 1997. Advances in Pulse Production Technology.ICAR.
- Khare D and Bhale MS. 2000. Seed Technology. Scientific Publ.
- Kumar Ranjeet and Singh NP. 2003. Maize Production in India: Golden Grain in Transition. IARI, New Delhi.
- Pal M, Deka J and Rai RK. 1996. Fundamentals of Cereal Crop Production.Tata McGraw
Hill.
- Prasad Rajendra. 2002. Text Book of Field Crop Production. ICAR.
- Singh C, Singh P and Singh R. 2003. Modern Techniques of Raising FieldCrops. Oxford &
IBH.
- Singh SS. 1998. Crop Management. Kalyani.
- Yadav DS. 1992. Pulse Crops. Kalyani.
Principles and practices of weed management 2+1
Theory
Weed biology, and ecology and classification, crop-weed competition including allelopathy; principles and methods of weed control and classification management; weed indices, weed shift in different eco-systems
Unit II
Herbicides introduction and history of their development; classification based on chemical, physiological application and selectivity; mode and mechanism of action of herbicides.
Unit III
Herbicide structure – activity relationship; factors affecting the efficiency of herbicides; herbicide formulations, herbicide mixtures, sequential application of herbicides, rotation; weed control through use of nano-herbicides and bio-herbicides, myco-herbicides bio-agents, and allelochemicals; movement of herbicides in soil and plant, Degradation of herbicides in soil and plants; herbicide resistance, residue, persistence and management; development of herbicide resistance in weeds and crops and their management, herbicide combination and rotation.
Unit IV
Weed management in major crops and cropping systems; alien, invasive and parasitic weeds and their management; weed shifts in cropping systems; aquatic and perennial weed control; weed control in non-crop area.
Unit V
Integrated weed management; recent development in weed management- robotics, use of drones and aeroplanes, organic etc., cost: benefit analysis of weed management.
Practical
Identification of important weeds of different crops, Preparation of a weed herbarium, Weed survey in crops and cropping systems, Crop-weed competition studies, Weed indices calculation and interpretation with data, Preparation of spray solutions of herbicides for high and low-volume sprayers, Use of various types of spray pumps and nozzles and calculation of swath width, Economics of weed control, Herbicide resistance analysis in plant and soil, Bioassay of herbicide resistance residues, Calculation of herbicidal herbicide requirement
Suggested Readings
Böger, Peter, Wakabayashi, Ko, Hirai, Kenji (Eds.). 2002. Herbicide Classes in Development. Mode of Action, Targets, Genetic Engineering, Chemistry. Springer.
- Chauhan B and Mahajan G. 2014. Recent Advances in Weed Management. Springer.
- Das TK. 2008. Weed Science: Basics and Applications, Jain Brothers (New Delhi).
- Fennimore, Steven A and Bell, Carl. 2014. Principles of Weed Control, 4th Ed, California
Weed Sci. Soc.
- Gupta OP. 2007. Weed Management: Principles and Practices, 2nd Ed.
- Jugulan, Mithila (ed). 2017. Biology, Physiology and Molecular Biology of Weeds. CRC Press
- Monaco TJ, Weller SC and Ashton FM. 2014. Weed Science Principles and Practices, Wiley
- Powles SB and Shaner DL. 2001. Herbicide Resistance and World Grains, CRC Press.
- Walia US. 2006. Weed Management, Kalyani.
- Zimdahl RL. (ed). 2018. Integrated Weed Management for Sustainable Agriculture, B. D.
Sci. Pub.
Modern concepts in crop production 3+0
Theory
Unit I
Crop growth analysis in relation to environment; geo-ecological zones of India.
Unit II
Quantitative agro-biological principles and inverse yield nitrogen law; Mitscherlich yield equation, its interpretation and applicability; Baule unit.
Unit III
Effect of lodging in cereals; physiology of grain yield in cereals; optimization of plant population and planting geometry in relation to different resources, concept of ideal plant type and crop modeling for desired crop yield.
Unit IV
Scientific principles of crop production; crop response production functions; concept of soil plant relations; yield and environmental stress, use of growth hormones and regulators for better adaptation in stressed condition.
Unit V
Integrated farming systems, organic farming, and resource conservation technology including modern concept of tillage; dry farming; determining the nutrient needs for yield potentiality of crop plants, concept of balance nutrition and integrated nutrient management; precision agriculture.Modern crop production concepts: soil less cultivation, Aeroponic, Hydroponic, Robotic and terrace farming. use of GIS, GPS and remote sensing in modern agriculture, precision farming and protected agriculture.
Suggested Reading
- Balasubramaniyan P and Palaniappan SP. 2001. Principles and Practices of Agronomy. Agrobios.
- Fageria NK. 1992. Maximizing Crop Yields. Marcel Dekker.
- Havlin JL, Beaton JD, Tisdale SL and Nelson WL. 2006. Soil Fertility and Fertilizers. 7th Ed. Prentice Hall.
- Paroda R.S. 2003. Sustaining our Food Security. Konark Publ.
- Reddy SR. 2000. Principles of Crop Production. Kalyani Publ.
- Sankaran S and Mudaliar TVS. 1997. Principles of Agronomy. The Bangalore Printing &
Publ.
- Singh SS. 2006. Principles and Practices of Agronomy. Kalyani.
- Alvin PT and kozlowski TT (ed.). 1976. Ecophysiology of Tropical Crops. Academia Pul.,
New York.
- Gardner PP, Pearce GR and Mitchell RL. 1985. Physiology of Crop Plants. Scientific Pub.
Jodhpur.
- Lal R. 1989. Conservation tillage for sustainable agriculture: Tropics versus Temperate
Environments. Advances in Agronomy 42: 85-197.
- Wilsie CP. 1961. Crop Adaptation and Distribution. Euresia Pub., New Delhi.
Principal and Practices of Soil Fertility and Nutrient Management 2+1
Theory
Unit I
Soil fertility and productivity – factors affecting; features of good soil management; problems of supply and availability of nutrients; relation between nutrient supply and crop growth; organic farming – basic concepts and definitions.
Unit II
Criteria of essentiality of nutrients; Essential plant nutrients – their functions, nutrient deficiency symptoms; transformation and dynamics of major plant nutrients.
Unit III
Preparation and use of farmyard manure, compost, green manures, vermicompost, biofertilizers and other organic concentrates their composition, availability and crop responses; recycling of organic wastes and residue management. Soil less cultivation.
Unit IV
Commercial fertilizers; composition, relative fertilizer value and cost; crop response to different nutrients, residual effects and fertilizer use efficiency; agronomic, chemical and physiological, fertilizer mixtures and grades; methods of increasing fertilizer use efficiency; nutrient interactions.
Unit V
Time and methods of manures and fertilizers application; foliar application and its concept; relative performance of organic and inorganic nutrients; economics of fertilizer use; integrated nutrient management; use of vermincompost and residue wastes in crops.
Practical
Determination of soil pH and soil EC, Determination of soil organic C, Determination of available N, P, K and S of soil, Determination of total N, P, K and S of soil, Determination of total N, P, K, S in plant, Computation of optimum and economic yield
Suggested Reading
- Brady NC and Weil RR. 2002. The Nature and Properties of Soils. 13th Ed. Pearson Edu.
- Fageria NK, Baligar VC and Jones CA. 1991. Growth and Mineral Nutrition of Field Crops.
Marcel Dekker.
- Havlin JL, Beaton JD, Tisdale SL and Nelson WL. 2006. Soil Fertility and Fertilizers. 7th
Ed. Prentice Hall.
- Prasad R and Power JF. 1997. Soil Fertility Management for Sustainable Agriculture. CRC
Press.
- Yawalkar KS, Agrawal JP and Bokde S. 2000. Manures and Fertilizers. Agri-Horti Publ.
Crop growth analysis and productivity modelling 2+1
Theory
Unit I: Crop growth analysis: concept, CGR, RGR, RLGR, NAR, LAD, LAI; validity and limitations in interpreting crop growth and development.
Unit II: Canopy architecture, light interception and utilization, energy use efficiency optimum LAI, critical and ceiling LAI.
Unit III: Photosynthetic system, factors influencing transport and partitioning of photosysnthate; source-sink relationships.
Unit IV: Concept of plant ideotypes, characteristics of ideotype for rice, Maize, Arhar; Physiological basis of yield variation of Rice, Potato, Sugarcane.
Unit V: Crop growth models – empirical models testing and yield prediction.
Practical
Plant sampling for measurement of biomass, LAI, LAD, CGR, NAR. Measurement of light interception, light extinction coefficient and critical LAI. Preparation of growth curves based on growth analysis data, Study of crop growth and productivity modelling based on crop growth analysis data
Climate Smart agronomy 2(2+0)
Theory
Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) Emission Led Global Warming and its impact on Agriculture; Nature of climate change and climate smart agronomy; Contingency crop planning (CCP) for mitigating climate change effects on crop production; Crop diversification for resilience in agriculture against climate change; Crop residue management in maintaining soil health and sustainability; Conservation agriculture for sustaining Indian agriculture; Integrated crop management for bringing resilience in crop production; Frontiers in weed management: Application and opportunities; Smart agronomic practices for nutrient management; Climate resilient efficient water management for higher crop productivity and water use efficiency.
Suggested Readings
Climate smart agronomy by S.S. Rathore and S. Shekhawat. Bhavya Books, New Delhi
Technical writing and communication Skills 0+1
Practical (Technical Writing)
Various forms of scientific writings- theses, technical papers, reviews, manuals, etc.; Various parts of thesis and research communications (title page, authorship contents page, preface, introduction, review of literature, material and methods, experimental results and discussion); Writing of abstracts, summaries, précis, citations, etc.; Commonly used abbreviations in the theses and research communications; Illustrations, photographs and drawings with suitable captions; pagination, numbering of tables and illustrations; Writing of numbers and dates in scientific write-ups; Editing and proof-reading; Writing of a review article; Communication Skills – Grammar (Tenses, parts of speech, clauses, punctuation marks); Error analysis (Common errors), Concord, Collocation, Phonetic symbols and transcription; Accentual pattern: Weak forms in connected speech; Participation in group discussion; Facing an interview; Presentation of scientific papers.
Suggested Readings
- Barnes and Noble. Robert C. (Ed.). 2005. Spoken English: Flourish Your Language.
- Chicago Manual of Style. 14th Ed. 1996. Prentice Hall of India.
- Collins’ Cobuild English Dictionary. 1995.
- Harper Collins. Gordon HM and Walter JA. 1970. Technical Writing. 3rd Ed.
- Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Hornby AS. 2000. Comp. Oxford Advanced Learner’s
Dictionary of Current English. 6th Ed. Oxford University Press.
- James HS. 1994. Handbook for Technical Writing. NTC Business Books.
- Joseph G. 2000. MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers. 5th Ed. Affiliated
East-West Press.
- Mohan K. 2005. Speaking English Effectively. MacMillan India.
- Richard WS. 1969. Technical Writing.
- Sethi J and Dhamija PV. 2004. Course in Phonetics and Spoken English. 2nd Ed.
Prentice Hall of India.
- Wren PC and Martin H. 2006. High School English Grammar and Composition.
- Chand & Co.
Library and information services 0+1
Practical
Introduction to library and its services; Role of libraries in education, research and technology transfer; Classification systems and organization of library; Sources of information- Primary Sources, Secondary Sources and Tertiary Sources; Intricacies of abstracting and indexing services (Science Citation Index, Biological Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts, CABI Abstracts, etc.); Tracing information from reference sources; Literature survey; Citation techniques/ Preparation of bibliography; Use of CD-ROM Databases, Online Public Access Catalogue and other computerized library services; Use of Internet including search engines and its resources; e-resources access methods.
Semester II
Agronomy of oilseed, fibre and sugar crops 2+1
Theory
Origin and history, area and production, classification, improved varieties, adaptability, climate, soil, water and cultural requirements, nutrition, quality component, handling and processing of the produce for maximum production of:
Unit I
Rabi oilseeds – Rapeseed and mustard, Linseed and Niger
Unit II
Kharif oilseeds – Groundnut, Sesame, Castor, Sunflower, Soybean and Safflower
Unit III
Fiber crops – Cotton, Jute, Ramie and Mesta.
Unit IV
Sugar crops – Sugar-beet and Sugarcane.
Practical
Planning and layout of field experiments, Cutting of sugarcane setts, its treatment and methods of sowing, tying and propping of sugarcane, Determination of cane maturity and calculation on purity percentage, recovery percentage and sucrose content in cane juice phenological studies at different growth stages of crop, Intercultural operations in different crops, Cotton seed treatment, Working out growth indices (CGR, RGR, NAR, LAI, LAD, LAR, LWR, SLA, SLW etc), Assessment of land use and yield advantage (Rotational intensity, Cropping intensity, Diversity Index, Sustainable Yield Index Crop Equivalent Yield, Land Equivalent ration, Aggressiveness, Relative Crowding Coefficient, Competition Ratio and ATER etc), Judging of physiological maturity in different crops and working out harvest index, Working out cost of cultivation of different crops, Estimation of crop yield on the basis of yield attributes, Formulation of cropping schemes for various farm sizes and calculation of cropping and rotational intensities, Determination of oil content in oilseeds and computation of oil yield, Estimation of quality of fibre of different fibre crops, Study of seed production techniques in various crops, Visit of field experiments on cultural, fertilizer, weed control and water management aspects, Visit to nearby villages for identification of constraints in crop production
Suggested Reading
- Das NR. 2007. Introduction to Crops of India. Scientific Publ.
- Das PC. 1997. Oilseed Crops of India. Kalyani.
- Lakshmikantam N. 1983. Technology in Sugarcane Growing. 2nd Ed. Oxford & IBH.
- Prasad Rajendra. 2002. Text Book of Field Crop Production. ICAR.
Singh C, Singh P & Singh R. 2003. Modern Techniques of Raising FieldCrops. Oxford &
IBH.
- Singh SS. 1998. Crop Management. Kalyani.
Principles and practices of water management 2+1
Theory
Unit I
Water and its role in plants; Irrigation: Definition and objectives, water resources and irrigation development in of India and concerned state, major irrigation projects, extent of area and crops irrigated in India and in different states.
Unit II
Field water cycle, water movement in soil and plants; transpiration; soil-water-plant relationships; water absorption by plants; plant response to water stress, crop plant adaptation to moisture stress condition. Water availability and its relationship with nutrient availability and loses.
Unit III
Soil, plant and meteorological factors determining water needs of crops, scheduling, depth and methods of irrigation; micro irrigation systems; deficit irrigation; fertigation; management of water in controlled environments and polyhouses. Irrigation efficiency and water use efficiency.
Unit IV
Water management of crop and cropping system, Quality of irrigation water and management of saline water for irrigation, water use efficiency, Crop water requirement- estimation of ET and effective rainfall; Water management of the major crops and cropping systems. Automated irrigation system.
Unit V
Excess of soil water and plant growth; water management in problem soils, drainage requirement of crops and methods of field drainage, their layout and spacing; rain water management and its utilization for crop production.
Unit VI
Quality of irrigation water and management of saline water for irrigation, water management in problem soils
Unit VII
Soil moisture conservation, water harvesting, rain water management and its utilization for crop production.
Unit VIII
Hydroponics,
Unit IX
Water management of crops under climate change scenario.
Practical
Determination of Field capacity by field method, Determination of Permanent Wilting Point by sunflower pot culture technique, Determination of Field capacity and Permanent Wilting Point by Pressure Plate Apparatus, Determination of Hygroscopic Coefficient, Determination of maximum water holding capacity of soil, Measurement of matric potential using gauge and mercury type tensiometer, Determination of soil-moisture characteristics curves, Determination of saturated hydraulic conductivity by constant and falling head method, Determination of hydraulic conductivity of saturated soil below the water table by auger hole method, Measurement of soil water diffusivity, Estimation of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, Estimation of upward flux of water using tensiometer and from depth ground water table, Determination of irrigation requirement of crops (calculations), Determination of effective rainfall (calculations), Determination of ET of crops by soil moisture depletion method, Determination of water requirements of crops, Measurement of irrigation water by volume and velocity-area method, Measurement of irrigation water by measuring devices and calculation of irrigation efficiency, Determination of infiltration rate by double ring infiltrometer.
Suggested Reading
- Majumdar DK. 2014. Irrigation Water Management: Principles and Practice. PHL Learning
private publishers
- Mukund Joshi. 2013. A Text Book of Irrigation and Water Management Hardcover, Kalyani
publishers
- Lenka D. 1999. Irrigation and Drainage. Kalyani.
- Michael AM. 1978. Irrigation: Theory and Practice. Vikas Publ.
- Paliwal KV. 1972. Irrigation with Saline Water. IARI Monograph, New Delhi.
- Panda SC. 2003. Principles and Practices of Water Management. Agrobios.
- Prihar SS and Sandhu BS. 1987. Irrigation of Food Crops – Principles and Practices. ICAR.
- Reddy SR. 2000. Principles of Crop Production. Kalyani.
- Singh Pratap and Maliwal PL. 2005. Technologies for Food Security and Sustainable
Agriculture. Agrotech Publ.
Principles and Practices of Organic Farming 2+1
Theory
Unit I
Organic farming – concept and definition, its relevance to India and global agriculture and future prospects; principles of organic agriculture; organics and farming standards; organic farming and sustainable agriculture; selection and conversion of land, soil and water management – land use, conservation tillage; shelter zones, hedges, pasture management, agro-forestry.
Unit II
Organic farming and water use efficiency; soil fertility, nutrient recycling, organic residues, organic manures, composting, soil biota and decomposition of organic residues, earthworms and vermicompost, green manures, bio-fertilizers and biogas technology.
Unit III
Farming systems, selection of crops and crop rotations, multiple and relay cropping systems, intercropping in relation to maintenance of soil productivity.
Unit IV
Control of weeds, diseases and insect pest management, biological agents and pheromones, bio-pesticides.
Unit V
Socio-economic impacts; marketing and export potential: inspection, certification, labeling and accreditation procedures; organic farming and national economy.
Practical
Method of making compost by aerobic method, Method of making compost by anaerobic method, Method of making vermicompost, Identification and nursery raising of important agro-forestry tress and tress for shelter belts, Efficient use of biofertilizers, technique of treating legume seeds with Rhizobium cultures, use of Azotobacter, Azospirillum, and PSB cultures in field, Visit to a biogas plant, Visit to an organic farm, Quality standards, inspection, certification and labeling and accreditation procedures for farm produce from organic farms.
Suggested Reading
- Ananthakrishnan TN. (Ed.). 1992. Emerging Trends in Biological Control of Phytophagous
Insects. Oxford & IBH.
- Gaur AC. 1982. A Manual of Rural Composting, FAO/UNDP Regional Project Document,
FAO.
- Joshi M. 2016. New Vistas of Organic Farming. Scientific Publishers
- Lampin N. 1990. Organic Farming. Press Books, lpswitch, UK.
- Palaniappan SP and Anandurai K. 1999. Organic Farming – Theory and Practice. Scientific
Publ.
- Rao BV Venkata. 1995. Small Farmer Focused Integrated Rural Development: Socio-economic
Environment and Legal Perspective: Publ.3, ParisaraprajnaParishtana, Bangalore.
- Reddy MV. (Ed.). 1995. Soil Organisms and Litter Decomposition in the Tropics. Oxford &
IBH.
- Sharma A. 2002. Hand Book of Organic Farming. Agrobios.
- Singh SP. (Ed.). 1994. Technology for Production of Natural Enemies. PDBC, Bangalore.
- Subba Rao NS. 2002. Soil Microbiology. Oxford & IBH.
- Trivedi RN. 1993. A Text Book of Environmental Sciences, Anmol Publ.
- Veeresh GK, Shivashankar K and Suiglachar MA. 1997. Organic Farming and Sustainable
Agriculture. Association for Promotion of Organic Farming, Bangalore.
- WHO. 1990. Public Health Impact of Pesticides Used in Agriculture. WHO.
- Woolmer PL and Swift MJ. 1994. The Biological Management of Tropical Soil Fertility.
TSBF & Wiley.
Soil, water and air pollution 2+1
Theory
Unit I
Soil, water and air pollution problems associated with agriculture, nature and extent.
Unit II
Nature and sources of pollutants – agricultural, industrial, urban wastes, fertilizers and pesticides, acid rains, oil spills etc.; air, water and soil pollutants- their CPC standards and effect on plants, animals and human beings.
Unit III
Sewage and industrial effluents–their composition and effect on soil properties/ health, and plant growth and human beings; soil as sink for waste disposal.
Unit IV
Pesticides–their classification, behaviour in soil and effecton soil microorganisms.
Unit V
Toxic elements–their sources, behaviour in soils, effect on nutrients availability, effect on plant and human health.
Unit VI
Pollution of water resources due to leaching of nutrients and pesticides from soil; emission of green house gases–carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide.
Unit VII
Risk assessment of polluted soil, Remediation/ amelioration of contaminated soil and water; remote sensing applications in monitoring and management of soil and water pollution.
Practical
Sampling of sewage waters, sewage sludge, solid/ liquid industrial wastes, polluted soils and plants and their processing, Estimation of dissolved and suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological demand (BOD), measurement of coliform (MPN), nitrate and ammoniacal nitrogen and phosphorus, heavy metal content in effluents, Heavy metals in contaminated soils and plants, Management of contaminants in soil and plants to safe guard food safety, Air sampling and determination of particulate matter and oxides of sulphur, NO2 and O2 conc. Visit to various industrial sites to study the impact of pollutants on soil and plants.
Suggested Reading
- Lal R, Kimble J, Levine E and Stewart BA. 1995. Soil Management and Greenhouse Effect.
CRC Press.
- Middlebrooks EJ. 1979. Industrial Pollution Control. Vol. I. Agro-Industries. John Wiley
Interscience.
- Ross SM. Toxic Metals in Soil Plant Systems. John Wiley & Sons.
- Vesilund PA and Pierce 1983. Environmental Pollution and Control. Ann Arbor Science
Publ.
Basic sampling techniques and experimental designs 2+1
Theory
Unit I
Concept of sampling, sample survey vs complete enumeration, planning of sample survey, sampling from a finite population.
Unit II
Simple random sampling with and without replacement, sampling for proportion, determination of sample size, inverse sampling, Stratified sampling, Cluster sampling
Unit III
Need for designing of experiments, characteristics of a good design. Basic principles of designs- randomization, replication and local control.
Unit IV
Uniformity trials, size and shape of plots and blocks, Analysis of variance, Completely randomized design, randomized block design and Latin square design.
Unit V
Factorial experiments, (symmetrical as well as asymmetrical). orthogonality and partitioning of degrees of freedom. Concept of confounding.
Unit VI
Split plot and strip plot designs, analysis of covariance and missing plot techniques in randomized block and Latin square designs; Transformations, Balanced Incomplete Block Design, resolvable designs and their applications, Lattice design, alpha design – concepts, randomization procedure, analysis and interpretation of results. Response surfaces. Combined analysis.
Practical
Uniformity trial data analysis, formation of plots and blocks, Fairfield Smith Law, Analysis of data obtained from CRD, RBD, LSD, Analysis of factorial experiments, Analysis with missing data, Split plot and strip plot designs.
Suggested Reading
- Cochran WG and Cox GM. 1957. Experimental Designs. 2nd Ed. John Wiley.
- Dean AM and Voss D. 1999. Design and Analysis of Experiments. Springer.
- Montgomery DC. 2012. Design and Analysis of Experiments, 8th Ed. John Wiley.
- Federer WT. 1985. Experimental Designs. MacMillan.
- Fisher RA. 1953. Design and Analysis of Experiments. Oliver & Boyd.
- Nigam AK and Gupta VK. 1979. Handbook on Analysis of Agricultural Experiments. IASRI
Publ.
- Pearce SC. 1983. The Agricultural Field Experiment: A Statistical Examination of Theory
and Practice. John Wiley.
Intellectual property and its management in agriculture 1+0
Theory
Historical perspectives and need for the introduction of Intellectual Property Right regime; TRIPs and various provisions in TRIPS Agreement; Intellectual Property and Intellectual Property Rights (IPR), benefits of securing IPRs; Indian Legislations for the protection of various types of Intellectual Properties; Fundamentals of patents, copyrights, geographical indications, designs and layout, trade secrets and traditional knowledge, trademarks, protection of plant varieties and farmers’ rights and biodiversity protection; Protectable subject matters, protection in biotechnology, protection of other biological materials, ownership and period of protection; National Biodiversity protection initiatives; Convention on Biological Diversity; International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture; Licensing of technologies, Material transfer agreements, Research collaboration Agreement, License Agreement.
Suggested Readings
- Erbisch FH and Maredia K.1998. Intellectual Property Rights in Agricultural Biotechnology. CABI.
- Ganguli P. 2001. Intellectual Property Rights: Unleashing Knowledge Economy. McGraw-Hill.
- Intellectual Property Rights: Key to New Wealth Generation. 2001. NRDC and Aesthetic Technologies.
- Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India. 2004. State of Indian Farmer. Vol. V. Technology Generation and IPR Issues. Academic Foundation.
- Rothschild M and Scott N. (Ed.). 2003. Intellectual Property Rights in Animal Breeding and Genetics. CABI.
- Saha R. (Ed.). 2006. Intellectual Property Rights in NAM and Other Developing Countries: A Compendium on Law and Policies. Daya Publ. House.
- The Indian Acts – Patents Act, 1970 and amendments; Design Act, 2000; Trademarks Act, 1999; The Copyright Act, 1957 and amendments; Layout Design Act, 2000; PPV and FR Act 2001, and Rules 2003; The Biological Diversity Act, 2002.
Basic concepts in laboratory techniques 0+1
Practical
Safety measures while in Lab; Handling of chemical substances; Use of burettes, pipettes, measuring cylinders, flasks, separatory funnel, condensers, micropipettes and vaccupets; Washing, drying and sterilization of glassware; Drying of solvents/ chemicals; Weighing and preparation of solutions of different strengths and their dilution; Handling techniques of solutions; Preparation of different agro-chemical doses in field and pot applications; Preparation of solutions of acids; Neutralisation of acid and bases; Preparation of buffers of different strengths and pH values; Use and handling of microscope, laminar flow, vacuum pumps, viscometer, Thermometer, magnetic stirrer, micro-ovens, incubators, sandbath, waterbath, oilbath; Electric wiring and earthing; Preparation of media and methods of sterilization; Seed viability testing, testing of pollen viability; Tissue culture of crop plants; Description of flowering plants in botanical terms in relation to taxonomy.
Suggested Readings
- Furr AK. 2000. CRC Hand Book of Laboratory Safety. CRC Press.
- Gabb MH and Latchem WE. 1968. A Handbook of Laboratory Solutions. Chemical Publ. Co.
Soil erosion and conservation 2+1
Theory
Unit I
History, distribution, identification and description of soil erosion problems in India.
Unit II
Forms of soil erosion; effects of soil erosion and factors affecting soil erosion; types and mechanisms of water erosion; raindrops and soil erosion; rainfall erosivity -estimation as EI30 index and kinetic energy; factors affecting water erosion; empirical and quantitative estimation of water erosion; methods of measurement and prediction of runoff; soil losses in relation to soil properties and precipitation.
Unit III
Wind erosion- types, mechanism and factors affecting wind erosion; extent of problem in the country.
Unit IV
Principles of erosion control; erosion control measures – agronomical and engineering; erosion control structures – their design and layout.
Unit V
Soil conservation planning; land capability classification; soil conservation in special problem areas such as hilly, arid and semi-arid regions, waterlogged and wet lands.
Unit VI
Watershed management – concept, objectives and approach; water harvesting and recycling; flood control in watershed management; socioeconomic aspects of watershed management; case studies in respect to monitoring and evaluation of watersheds; use of remote sensing in assessment and planning of watersheds, sediment measurement
Practical
Determination of different soil erodibility indices – suspension percentage, dispersion ratio, erosion ratio, clay ratio, clay/moisture equivalent ratio, percolation ratio, raindrop erodibility index, Computation of kinetic energy of falling rain drops, Computation of rainfall erosivity index (EI30) using rain gauge data, Land capability classification of a watershed, Visits to a watersheds
Suggested Reading
- Biswas TD and Narayanasamy G. (Eds.) 1996. Soil Management in Relation to Land
Degradation and Environment. Bull. Indian Society of Soil Science No. 17.
- Doran JW and Jones AJ. 1996. Methods of Assessing Soil Quality. Soil Science Society of
America, Spl Publ. No. 49, Madison, USA.
- Gurmal Singh, Venkataramanan C, Sastry G and Joshi BP. 1990. Manual of Soil and Water
Conservation Practices. Oxford & IBH.
- Hudson N. 1995. Soil Conservation. Iowa State University Press.
- Indian Society of Soil Science 2002. Fundamentals of Soil Science. ISSS, New Delhi.
- Oswal MC. 1994. Soil Physics. Oxford & IBH.
Agricultural research, research ethics and rural development programmes 1+0
Theory
UNIT I History of agriculture in brief; Global agricultural research system: need, scope, opportunities; Role in promoting food security, reducing poverty and protecting the environment; National Agricultural Research Systems (NARS) and Regional Agricultural Research Institutions; Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR): International Agricultural Research Centres (IARC), partnership with NARS, role as a partner in the global agricultural research system, strengthening capacities at national and regional levels; International fellowships for scientific mobility.
UNIT II Research ethics: research integrity, research safety in laboratories, welfare of animals used in research, computer ethics, standards and problems in research ethics.
UNIT III Concept and connotations of rural development, rural development policies and strategies. Rural development programmes: Community Development Programme, Intensive Agricultural District Programme, Special group – Area Specific Programme, Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP) Panchayati Raj Institutions, Co-operatives, Voluntary Agencies/ Non-Governmental Organisations. Critical evaluation of rural development policies and programmes. Constraints in implementation of rural policies and programmes.
Suggested Readings
- Bhalla GS and Singh G. 2001. Indian Agriculture – Four Decades of Development. Sage Publ.
- Punia MS. Manual on International Research and Research Ethics. CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar.
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